November 28, 2023, Vol 330, No. 20, Pages 1927-2030

In This Issue of JAMA

Audio Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;330(20):e2216133. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.16133

Audio: Toripalimab for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Cervical Cancer Screening Strategies, Obesity Review, and more

Original Investigation

Toripalimab Plus Chemotherapy for Recurrent or Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: The JUPITER-02 Randomized Clinical Trial

Hai-Qiang Mai, MD, PhD; Qiu-Yan Chen, MD, PhD; Dongping Chen, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;330(20):1961-1970. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.20181

This multicenter, double-blind, randomized trial conducted in nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC)–endemic regions assesses whether toripalimab in combination with gemcitabine-cisplatin as first-line treatment for recurrent or metastatic NPC, compared with gemcitabine-cisplatin alone, will significantly improve progression-free survival and overall survival among chemotherapy-naive patients with recurrent or metastatic NPC.

Editorial
Immunotherapy for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: The Earlier the Better
Paolo Bossi, MD; Cristina Gurizzan, MD; Anthony Chan, MD

JAMA

Strategies to Increase Cervical Cancer Screening With Mailed Human Papillomavirus Self-Sampling Kits: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Rachel L. Winer, PhD, MPH; John Lin, BA; Melissa L. Anderson, MS; et al.

Abstract Full Text

has active quiz has audio

JAMA. 2023;330(20):1971-1981. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21471

This randomized clinical trial assessed rates of adherence to undergo cervical cancer screening by comparing response rates to various outreach strategies among individuals who were due or overdue for screening and who had unknown screening history.

Audio: Increasing Cervical Cancer Screening With Self-Sampling HPV Kits at Home

Caring for the Critically Ill Patient

Sigh Ventilation in Patients With Trauma: The SiVent Randomized Clinical Trial

Richard K. Albert, MD; Gregory J. Jurkovich, MD; John Connett, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;330(20):1982-1990. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21739

This randomized clinical trial compares the efficacy of sighs in addition to usual care vs usual care alone in improving clinical outcomes among trauma patients receiving mechanical ventilation and are at risk for developing acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Editorial
Sigh Breaths for Trauma Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation: Take a Deep Breath
Giacomo Bellani, MD, PhD; Antonio Pesenti, MD

JAMA

Long-Term Blood Pressure Control After Hypertensive Pregnancy Following Physician-Optimized Self-Management: The POP-HT Randomized Clinical Trial

Jamie Kitt, DPhil; Rachael Fox, MD; Annabelle Frost, MBBS; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;330(20):1991-1999. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21523

This clinical trial assesses whether physician-guided self-management of antihypertensive medication results in persistently lower blood pressure after a hypertensive pregnancy compared with usual care.

Research Letter

Changes in Employment in the US Health Care Workforce, 2016-2022

Thuy Nguyen, PhD; Christopher Whaley, PhD; Kosali I. Simon, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;330(20):2018-2019. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.18932

This study examines the rate of employment in US health care in the postpandemic period, through the end of 2022.

Characterizing Gender Eligibility Descriptions for Clinical Trials Registered on ClinicalTrials.gov

Amanda Burton, PhD; Swapna Mohan, PhD; Yvonne Puplampu-Dove, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;330(20):2019-2021. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.19517

This cross-sectional, exploratory study uses ClinicalTrials.gov data from trials initiated on or after January 18, 2017, to characterize the use of a new free-text “gender eligibility description” data field; reports the frequency of gender identity terms used; and assesses the correct or incorrect use of the field.

Viewpoint

Infection Prevention, Planetary Health, and Single-Use Plastics

Matthew Smith, MD; Hardeep Singh, MD, MPH; Jodi D. Sherman, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;330(20):1947-1948. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.20550

Authors of this Viewpoint present actionable steps for regulatory, industry, and health care organization practices to accelerate reduction of single-use plastics and help protect planetary and human health.

Revising NIH’s Mission Statement to Remove Ableist Language

Lisa I. Iezzoni, MD, MSc; Bonnielin K. Swenor, PhD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;330(20):1949-1950. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.20123

This Viewpoint emphasizes the importance of policy statements using “person-first” language to mitigate discrimination against people with disabilities and to boost modern views in the medical and research communities.

Invited Commentary
Stigma Associated With Requesting Accommodations—the High Cost of Ableism in Medicine
Meaghan Roy-O’Reilly, MD, PhD; Arghavan Salles, MD, PhD

JAMA Netw Open

The Supreme Court’s 303 Creative Decision and the Threat to LGBTQ+ Health Care

Elizabeth W. Sepper, JD, LLM; Joshua B. Romero, BA; Daniel G. Aaron, MD, JD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;330(20):1951-1952. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21325

This Viewpoint examines the importance of the Supreme Court decision in 303 Creative and its possible effects on legislation safeguarding nondiscriminatory health care.

A Piece of My Mind

Oh Susannah

Maura Clement Jacobi, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;330(20):1953. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.22943

In this narrative medicine essay, a family medicine physician whose daughter was born with a 50% chance of having the Huntingtin gene embraces the joy of the present over the fear of the future.

Editorial

Immunotherapy for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: The Earlier the Better

Paolo Bossi, MD; Cristina Gurizzan, MD; Anthony Chan, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;330(20):1954-1955. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.22465

Sigh Breaths for Trauma Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation: Take a Deep Breath

Giacomo Bellani, MD, PhD; Antonio Pesenti, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;330(20):1956-1957. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21744

Climate Change and Health

Time to Treat the Climate and Nature Crisis as One Indivisible Global Health Emergency

Kamran Abbasi; Parveen Ali; Virginia Barbour; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;330(20):1958-1960. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.20840

Review

Obesity Management in Adults: A Review

Arielle Elmaleh-Sachs, MD, MS; Jessica L. Schwartz, MD, MHS; Carolyn T. Bramante, MD, MPH; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;330(20):2000-2015. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.19897

This Review summarizes current evidence regarding the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of obesity.

Audio Clinical Review: Obesity Management in Primary Care

JAMA Clinical Challenge

Coin-Shaped Opacities in the Stomach

Neil Shadbeh Evans, MD; Paul Aronowitz, MD; Timothy E. Albertson, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

has active quiz

JAMA. 2023;330(20):2016-2017. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.19032

On day 7 after hospital admission, a patient with end-stage kidney disease prescribed sevelamer, hydrocodone-acetaminophen, hydromorphone, and chewable lanthanum tablets developed intermittent apneic episodes, bilateral rhonchi, and responsiveness to verbal commands only with deep painful stimulus; a chest radiograph showed 4 radio-opaque coin-shaped opacities in the stomach. What is the diagnosis and what would you do next?

Editor's Note

Made of Flower and Flame: Poetry and Climate Change

Rafael Campo, MD, MA

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;330(20):2026. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.20811

Medical News & Perspectives

AI in Medicine

Can Predictive AI Improve Early Detection of Sepsis and Other Conditions?

Rebecca Voelker, MSJ; Yulin Hswen, ScD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;330(20):1939-1942. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.19296

In this Medical News article, Johns Hopkins University computer scientist Suchi Saria, PhD, MSc, discusses the use of AI tools in early sepsis detection and other clinical applications.

Video: AI and Clinical Practice—Predictive AI and Early Clinical Detection

JAMA Medical News Audio: AI and Clinical Practice—Predictive AI and Early Clinical Detection

Editorial
AI in Medicine—JAMA’s Focus on Clinical Outcomes, Patient-Centered Care, Quality, and Equity
Rohan Khera, MD, MS; Atul J. Butte, MD, PhD; Michael Berkwits, MD, MSCE; Yulin Hswen, ScD, MPH; Annette Flanagin, RN, MA; Hannah Park; Gregory Curfman, MD; Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS

JAMA

Highlights From Gastroenterology Week: New Crohn Disease Drug, Redefining Liver Disease, and More

Melissa Suran, PhD, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;330(20):1943-1944. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.19140

This Medical News article discusses new research presented at the 2023 United European Gastroenterology Week held in Copenhagen, Denmark.

Audio: Highlights From Gastroenterology Week 2023

Medical News in Brief

CDC Report: Health Worker Mental Health Crisis Continued in 2022

Emily Harris

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;330(20):1945. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21869

FDA Will Evaluate First Self-Administered FluMist Vaccine

Emily Harris

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;330(20):1945. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21870

Daily Exercise May Offset Otherwise Sedentary Lifestyle

Emily Harris

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;330(20):1945. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21871

Convalescent Plasma Lowered Risk of Death in COVID-19 ARDS

Emily Harris

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;330(20):1945. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21872

WHO: What Regulators Should Consider for AI in Health Care

Emily Harris

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;330(20):1945-1946. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21873

Time-Restricted Eating Tested for Weight Loss in Type 2 Diabetes

Emily Harris

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;330(20):1946. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21874

Heat-Related Deaths From CVD Expected to Surge by Midcentury

Emily Harris

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;330(20):1946. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21875

Survey: Which Children Visit ED for Mental Health Concerns, and Why

Emily Harris

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;330(20):1946. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21877

In US, Prices for Common Health Services Vary Widely by Location

Emily Harris

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;330(20):1946. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21880

The Arts and Medicine

The Autumn Ghost—The Danish Polio Epidemic of 1952 and the Birth of Intensive Care Medicine

David Oshinsky, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;330(20):1937-1938. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.18659

This Arts and Medicine feature reviews The Autumn Ghost, an historical retelling of the 1952 polio epidemic in Copenhagen, Denmark, which catalyzed developments in anesthesia and respiratory support procedures that are still in use today.

Poetry and Medicine

Persephone Explains Global Warming

Jeannine Hall Gailey, MA, MFA

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;330(20):2026. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.20716

Editor's Note
Made of Flower and Flame: Poetry and Climate Change
Rafael Campo, MD, MA

JAMA

JAMA Revisited

Minor Comments

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;330(20):2027. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.16134

JAMA Patient Page

Cervical Cancer Screening

Rebecca A. Voelker, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;330(20):2030. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21987

This JAMA Patient Page discusses screening for cervical cancer, including who should be screened, recommendations for handling positive results, and the prevention of cervical cancer.

Comment & Response